20. Dynasty

Setnakhte 1186-1184

Izbet Sartah Ostracon 12c
early form of ABC's

Enlil-kudur-usur 1197-1193 son of Tukulti-Ninurta I; his predecessor was his nephew

Ninurta-apil-Ekur 1192-1180 king of Assyria

Meli-Shipak, 33rd Kassite king of Babylon 1186-1172

Ramesses III 1184-1152 ANET 260-263; ANEP 344-348

Ramesses III

Harem conspiracy COS 3.8, pp.  27-30; ANET 214-216

Ramesses III
Battle with the Philistines

Funerary temple of Ramesses III at Medinet Habu above and reconstruction below

Invasions of the Sea Peoples

Papyrus Harris By Megaera Lorenz
R to L:  Ramesses III, Ptah, Sekhmet, Nefertem their son.

Ashur-Dan I 1179-1134

Marduk-apla-iddina I, 34th Kassite king of Babylon 1171-1159

Zababa-shum-iddina Kassite king of Babylon

Elamite raid on Babylon 1158 Carried off Code of Hammurabi to Susa

Enlil-nadin-ahi, 36th Kassite king of Babylon 1157-1155

Ramesses IV 1152-1146 ANET 378-379 Harris Papyrus containing many Semitic names; subordination of royal power to divine power. See also Harris Papyrus.

Ramesses IV

Ramesses V 1146-1142 brother of Ramesses IV

Ramesses V

Ramesses VI 1142-1134

Division of land to the twelve tribes

Ninurat-tukulti-Ashur 1133
Mutakkil-Nusku 1133

Assur-resha-ishi I 1132-1115 engaged in war with Babylonia

Ramesses IX 1126-1107

Ramesses IX making an offering

Nebuchadrezzar I 1126-1105 (B)  4th king of Second Dynasty of Isin.   Enuma elish composed at this time, and Marduk becamse supreme god of the pantheon

Tiglath-pileser I 1114-1076 Assyrian king; first encounter with Arameans ANET 274-275 "28 times I crossed the Euphrates to chase the Arameans"

compiling of Middle Assyrian laws

Ramesses X 1107-1098

Cartouche of Ramesses X

Enlil-nadin-apli, fifth king of second dynasty of Isin 1104-1101

Ramesses XI 1098-1069
Revolt in Upper Egypt

Ramesses XI

Herihor, high priest of Amun, ruled alongside Ramesses; wife of Herihor was Nodjmet, who was called "king's mother."

Nodjmet and Herihor

Marduk-shapik-zeri, 7th king of Second Dynasty of Isin 1082-1070

Ashared-apil-Ekur Assyrian king 1075-1074

The Third Intermediate 21st - 24th Dynasties

21. Dynasty 1069-945 -- division of Egypt:  northern capital at Tanis; southern capital at Thebes

Smendes I 1069-1043 (1080-1069) mentioned by Wen-Amon; ruled in Delta

Pinudjem 1054-1032 (Thebes)

Samuel

Tale of Wen-Amon ANET 25-29; COS 1.41, pp. 89-93 meets charismatic "prophet" in Byblos

Prophetic trance in Wen-Amon; hieratic top and hieroglyphic bottom

Eriba-Adad II 1055-1054 Assyrian king

Shamshi-Adad IV Assyrian king 1053-1050  son of Tiglath-pileser I; deposed Eriba Adad II

Ashur-nasir-pal I 1049-1031 son of Shamshi-Adad IV

Shalmaneser II 1030-1019 Assyrian king; son of Shamshi-Adad IV

Psusennes I 1039-991 son of Pinudjem; married to his sister Mutnodjmet (tomb was not ravaged)

Nabu-shumu-libur, 11th king of Second Dynasty of Isin 1034-1027

Ashur-nirari IV 1018-1013

Ashur-rabi II 1012-972 uncle of his predecessor

Eulmash-shakin-shumi, king of Babylon 1005-989

Ahirom king of Byblos, 1000 BCE,   COS 2.55. p.  181 ANET 504, 661; ANEP 456-459

Ahirom sarcophagus

"The sarcophagus that Ittobaal, son of Ahirom, the king of Byblos, made for Ahirom, his father....

Amenemope 993-984

Amenemope

Osorkon the Elder 984-978

Siamun 978-959--captured Gezer and gave his daughter to Solomon as a wife.


Scarab of Siamun

David king at Jerusalem 998-965

Family Tree of David

10c inscription from Khirbet Qeiyafa
Biblical Netaim 1 Chr 4:23

Abibaal king of Tyre
Hiram I king of Tyre 980-946 (969-936)

Ittobaal of Byblos (see Ahirom above)
Yahimilk of Byblos, 950 BCE, COS 2.29, pp.  146-147 ANET 499, 653-654;

Ashur-resha-ishi II 971-967

Tiglath-pileser II Assyrian king 966-935

Ninurta-kudurri-usur II Babylonian king of dynasty of E 944

Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina third ruler of dynasty of E 943-

Psusennes II 959-945

22. Dynasty 945-715 -- Libyan rule over Egypt

Solomon

Temple at Ain Dara and gigantic footprints of god from this temple

Temples and cult objects from Syria-Palestine-Israel

Solomon 965-931/30

Building of Temple 962-955

Outside

Inside

Solomon's Administrative Districts

Yahwist (J) source in the Pentateuch (date contested)

Baalazor I of Tyre ca. 950

Rezon son of Eliada of Damascus (1 Kgs 11:23-25) and Hadad the Edomite (1 Kgs 11:14-16) are opponents of Solomon.  Hadad marries Tahpenes, Pharaoh's sister-in-law.  1 Kgs 11:17-22

Solomon

Model (left) of Temple at Tainat

Drawing of Temple at Tell Tainat

Asshur-Dan II king of Assyria 934-912

Fortress cities and gates at Hazor

Gezer

 Megiddo (1 Kgs 9:15)



Comparison of Ain Dara and Solomonic temples